Optimum Array Processing: Detection, Estimation, and Modulation Theory, Part IV > 신호처리

Preface xix
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Array Processing 2
1.2 Applications 6
1.3 Organization of the Book 12
1.4 Interactive Study 14
2 Arrays and Spatial Filters 17
2.1 Introduction 17
2.2 Frequency-wavenumber Response and Beam Patterns 23
2.3 Uniform Linear Arrays 37
2.4 Uniformly Weighted Linear Arrays 42
2.5 Array Steering 51
2.6 Array Performance Measures 59
2.7 Linear Apertures 71
2.8 Non-isotropic Element Patterns 75
2.9 Summary 78
2.10 Problems 79
3 Synthesis of Linear Arrays and Apertures 90
3.1 Spectral Weighting 95
3.2 Array Polynomials and the z-Transform 109
3.3 Pattern Sampling in Wavenumber Space 118
3.4 Minimum Beamwidth for Specified Sidelobe Level 128
3.5 Least Squares Error Pattern Synthesis 149
3.6 Minimax Design 156
3.7 Null Steering 165
3.8 Asymmetric Beams 173
3.9 Spatially Non-uniform Linear Arrays 178
3.10 Beamspace Processing 192
3.11 Broadband Arrays 200
3.12 Summary 204
3.13 Problems 207
4 Planar Arrays and Apertures 231
4.1 Rectangular Arrays 233
4.2 Circular Arrays 274
4.3 Circular Apertures 289
4.4 Hexagonal Arrays 305
4.5 Nonplanar Arrays 316
4.6 Summary 321
4.7 Problems 322
5 Characterization of Space-time Processes 332
5.1 Introduction 332
5.2 Snapshot Models 333
5.3 Space-time Random Processes 353
5.4 Arrays and Apertures 369
5.5 Orthogonal Expansions 375
5.6 Parametric Wavenumber Models 394
5.7 Summary 414
5.8 Problems 415
6 Optimum Waveform Estimation 428
6.1 Introduction 428
6.2 Optimum Beamformers 439
6.3 Discrete Interference 452
6.4 Spatially Spread Interference 473
6.5 Multiple Plane-wave Signals 477
6.6 Mismatched MVDR and MPDR Beamformers 488
6.7 LCMV and LCMP Beamformers 513
6.8 Eigenvector Beamformers 556
6.9 Beamspace Beamformers 575
6.10 Quadratically Constrained Beamformers 585
6.11 Soft-constraint Beamformers 593
6.12 Beamforming for Correlated Signal and Interferences 599
6.13 Broadband Beamformers 621
6.14 Summary 666
6.15 Problems 669
7 Adaptive Beamformers 710
7.1 Introduction 710
7.2 Estimation of Spatial Spectral Matrices 712
7.3 Sample Matrix Inversion (SMI) 728
7.4 Recursive Least Squares (RLS) 752
7.5 Efficient Recursive Implementation Algorithms 778
7.6 Gradient Algorithms 789
7.7 LMS Algorithms 805
7.8 Detection of Signal Subspace Dimension 827
7.9 Eigenspace and DMR Beamformers 845
7.10 Beamspace Beamformers 864
7.11 Broadband Beamformers 874
7.12 Summary 885
7.13 Problems 887
8 Parameter Estimation I: Maximum Likelihood 917
8.1 Introduction 917
8.2 Maximum Likelihood and Maximum a posteriori Estimators 920
8.3 Parameter Estimation Model 933
8.4 Cramer-Rao Bounds 938
8.5 Maximum Likelihood Estimation 984
8.6 Computational Algorithms 1018
8.7 Polynomial Parameterization 1037
8.8 Detection of Number of Signals 1054
8.9 Spatially Spread Signals 1055
8.10 Beamspace algorithms 1062
8.11 Sensitivity, Robustness, and Calibration 1088
8.12 Summary 1102
8.13 Problems 1109
9 Parameter Estimation II 1139
9.1 Introduction 1139
9.2 Quadratic Algorithms 1140
9.3 Subspace Algorithms 1155
9.4 Linear Prediction 1194
9.5 Asymptotic Performance 1195
9.6 Correlated and Coherent Signals 1233
9.7 Beamspace Algorithms 1243
9.8 Sensitivity and Robustness 1251
9.9 Planar Arrays 1255
9.10 Summary 1279
9.11 Problems 1285
10 Detection and Other Topics 1318
10.1 Optimum Detection 1318
10.2 Related Topics 1327
10.3 Epilogue 1329
10.4 Problems 1329
A Matrix Operations 1340
A.1 Introduction 1340
A.2 Basic Definitions and Properties 1341
A.3 Special Vectors and Matrices 1356
A.4 Eigensystems 1372
A.5 Singular Value Decomposition 1381
A.6 QR Decomposition 1387
A.7 Derivative Operations 1397
B Array Processing Literature 1407
B.1 Journals 1407
B.2 Books 1408
B.3 Duality 1409
C Notation 1414
C.1 Conventions 1414
C.2 Acronyms 1415
C.3 Mathematical Symbols 1418
C.4 Symbols 1419
Index 1434