Introduction to Systems Ecology > 생명과학

System Ecology: An Ecological Discipline
What Is Systems Ecology?
The Holistic Approach
Outline of the Book

PART 1

Conservation of Energy and Matter
The Conservation Laws
Other Thermodynamic Functions
Liebig’s Law of Minimum
Bioaccumulation and Biomagnification
Cycling in Ecosystems and in the Ecosphere
Energy Flows in Ecosystems

Ecosystems: Growth and Development
The Maximum Power Principle
Embodied Energy/Emergy
Ecosystem as a Biochemical Reactor
Technological and Ecological Interpretation of the Thermodynamic
Concept Exergy
Eco-Exergy and Information

Irreversibility and Order: The Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics
Open Systems
Physical Openness
Ontic Openness
The Second Law of Thermodynamics Interpreted for Ecosystems
The Third Law of Thermodynamics Applied on Open Systems
Dissipative Structure and Eco-Exergy
How to Calculate Exergy of Organic Matter and Organisms
Why Have Living Systems Such a High Level of Exergy?

The Biochemistry of Ecosystems
A General Biochemistry for Living Systems
The First Steps of the Evolution toward a Biochemistry
The Prokaryote Cells
The Eukaryote Cells
The Temperature Range Needed for Life Processes
Natural Conditions for Life
Ecological Stoichiometry

The Thermodynamic Interpretation of Ecosystem Growth and Development
Introduction
The Ecosystem Development Described by a Thermodynamic Interpretation of the Three Growth Forms
Seasonal Changes
New Ecosystems

The Ecological Law of Thermodynamics
Introduction: Darwin’s Theory
The Ecological Law of Thermodynamics (ELT)
Some Basic Ecological Observations (Rules) That Can Be Explained by ELT
Structurally Dynamic Models (SDMs)
The Compliance between ELT and Evolutionary Theories

PART 2

Ecosystems Are Open Systems
Why Must Ecosystems Be Open?
The Allometric Principles and Quantification of Openness

Ecosystems Have a Hierarchical Organization
The Hierarchical Organization
Interactions between the Hierarchical Levels
The Variations and the Hierarchical Organization
The Frequency of Disturbances
Ontic Openness and the Hierarchy Theory

Ecosystems Have a High Diversity
Introduction
The Wide Spectrum of Forcing Functions
The Molecular Differentiation in Biochemistry
The Genetic Differentiation
The Diversity of Cells
The Diversity of Organs
Diversity among Individuals
Species Diversity
Differentiation of Communities and Ecological Networks
Diversity of Ecosystems
The Advantages of a High Biodiversity
Diversity and Extreme Environment

Ecosystems Have a High Buffer Capacity
Introduction: Stability Concepts
The Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis (IDH)
Hysteresis and Buffer Capacities
Chaos, Disturbances, and Buffer Capacities

The Components of Ecosystems Form Ecological Networks
Introduction
Ecological Networks Increase Utilization Efficiency of Matter and Energy
Cardinal Hypotheses about the Properties of Networks
Network Analyses
Network Selection by Ecosystems

Ecosystems Have a Very High Content of Information
The Information Embodied in the Genes
The Ascendency
Information Embodied in the Networks and Horizontal Evolution
Life Is Information

Ecosystems Have Emerging Holistic System Properties
Introduction
Additional Properties of Ecosystems

Application of System Ecology in Ecological Subdisciplines and Environmental Management
Integrated Ecological and Environmental Management Should Be Based on a Profound Knowledge to System Ecology
The Application of Systems Ecology to Explain Ecological Observations and Rules
Application of Systems Ecology to Explain the Principles Applied in Ecological Engineering
Application of Systems Ecology to Assess Ecosystem Health

References
Appendix
Index